Amarillo Biosciences, Inc. company was founded in 1984 and is based in Amarillo, Texas. Amarillo Biosciences, Inc. (AMAR) is engaged in developing biologics for the treatment of human and animal diseases. The Company has a technology for a less toxic method of administration, low-dose oral interferon, in United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Phase II clinical trials. The Company has developed a dietary supplement and an interferon alpha lozenge, but, as of December 31, 2008, had not commenced any product commercialization activities. Injectable interferon is an immune modulator used to treat viral and autoimmune diseases and cancer. Orally delivered interferon binds to mucosal cells in the mouth and throat resulting in stimulation of immune mechanisms, and has been shown to activate hundreds of immune system genes in the peripheral blood. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has a Phase II study in progress in the United States to treat oral warts in human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients (Orphan Drug Designation).

Hemispherx Biopharma, based in Philadelphia, is a biopharmaceutical company engaged in the manufacture and clinical development of new drug entities for treatment of viral and immune-based disorders. Hemispherx’s flagship products include Alferon N Injection® and the experimental immunotherapeutics/antivirals Ampligen® and Oragens®.Alferon N Injection® is the company's registered trademark for its injectable formulation of Natural Alpha Interferon, and is approved by the FDA for a category of STD infection. Alferon N Injection® (interferon alfa-n3 human leukocyte derived) is a highly purified, natural source, glycosylated, multispecies alpha interferon product, composed of eight forms of high-purified alpha interferon. Alferon LDO® (Low Dose Oral) is a new experimental drug delivery platform for the Company’s highly purified, natural source alpha interferon.

Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development (J&JPRD) provides research and development support for the pharmaceutical business units of parent company, Johnson & Johnson. Its main research processes are divided into three franchises: central nervous system and internal medicine; biotech, immunology, and oncology (through J&J subsidiary Centocor); and virology (through Tibotec). The subsidiary -- which represents the largest segment of J&J's pharmaceutical R&D -- also does research in collaboration with other pharmaceutical organizations and biotech researchers, and has partnerships with the likes of Basilea Pharmaceuticals and Entelos.

Lonza Biologics plc, one of The Lonza Group's four biologic contracting manufacturing sites, is a leading contract manufacturer of monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and diagnostic monoclonal antibodies that are used to produce pharmaceuticals. Lonza Biologics conducts research and development on mammalian cell culturing involving cloning from non-animal origins. From its manufacturing facility near London, the company also supplies its products to other biotechnology companies.

Genzyme Corporation (Genzyme) is a biotechnology company. Genzyme operates in four segments: Genetic Diseases, Cardiometabolic and Renal, Biosurgery and Hematologic Oncology. Genetic Diseases unit develops, manufactures and distributes therapeutic products, with a focus on products to treat patients suffering from genetic diseases and other chronic debilitating diseases, including a family of diseases known as lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Cardiometabolic and Renal segment develops, manufactures and distributes products that treat patients suffering from renal diseases, including chronic renal failure and endocrine and cardiovascular diseases. Biosurgery segment develops, manufactures and distributes biotherapeutics and biomaterial-based products, with a focus on products that meet medical needs in the orthopaedics and broader surgical areas. Hematologic Oncology segment develops, manufactures and distributes products for the treatment of cancer.

United Research Laboratories (URL), along with sister company Mutual Pharmaceutical (together known as URL/Mutual), manufactures generic medications and conducts research on existing drug formulas through agreements with other pharmaceutical companies. URL/Mutual has developed generic versions of drugs manufactured by King, Ortho-McNeil, Merck, and Berlex, among others. The company has also developed its own proprietary drug delivery systems. URL and Mutual Pharmaceuticals are subsidiaries of URL Pharma (formerly Pharmaceutical Holdings Corporation).

Inhibitex, Inc. was founded in 1994 and is based in Alpharetta, Georgia. Inhibitex, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, develops differentiated anti-infective products to prevent and treat serious infections primarily shingles and chronic hepatitis C. Its anti- infective product candidates include FV-100, an orally available nucleoside analogue prodrug, which completed Phase I trials used for the treatment of herpes zoster or shingles; and aurexis, a humanized monoclonal antibody, which completed Phase IIa trials used for the treatment of serious S. aureus infections. The company's preclinical product candidates include HCV polymerase inhibitors, which are used for the treatment of chronic HCV infection; HIV integrase inhibitors that are used for the treatment of HIV infection; and staphylococcal vaccines, an active vaccine to prevent S. aureus infections. It has MSCRAMM based license and collaboration agreement with Wyeth Pharmaceuticals for the development of staphylococcal vaccines; and royalty-bearing license agreement with Cardiff University and Katholieke Universiteit for intellectual property of HCV nucleoside polymerase inhibitors.

Established in 2004, Merrion operates offices in North Carolina and Ireland. Merrion Pharmaceuticals wants to make complicated drug dosing regimens easier to swallow. A specialty pharmaceutical firm, Merrion develops (independently and in collaboration with other drug companies) oral drugs to replace already-approved injectable-only medicines. Using its patented drug delivery technologies, Merrion's Gastrointestinal Permeation Enhancement Technology (GIPET) improves the absorption of drugs into the blood stream. Its Gastrointestinal Retention System (GIRES) helps the stomach retain drugs, allowing for their extended, controlled release. The company has four candidates in the development pipeline.

Bioniche Life Sciences is seeking its niche in the development of drugs for both humans and animals. The firm has three divisions: Human Health, Animal Health, and Food Safety. The Bioniche Animal Health division sells products to improve livestock breeding and to boost livestock immunity without antibiotics. Bioniche's Food Safety division works to improve food and water quality by developing technology to prevent infections and diseases in animals that are passed on to humans. The company's Bioniche Therapeutics segment is developing pharmaceuticals to help humankind; it focuses on urology, oncology, and immune system disorders.

Calypte Biomedical Corporation company was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Portland, Oregon. Calypte Biomedical Corporation engages in the development, manufacture, and distribution of in vitro diagnostic tests primarily for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It focuses on the commercialization of HIV-1/2 rapid tests for the detection of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV 2 in oral fluid and blood samples using a lateral flow dipstick design. The company also offers HIV-1 BED Incidence EIA Test, which detects HIV-1 infections that have occurred within approximately the prior six months, and could be used by public health agencies to identify those regions and the populations within them where HIV transmission is occurring most recently. Calypte Biomedical, through its 51%-owned joint ventures, Beijing Calypte Biomedical Technology Ltd. and Beijing Marr Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., manufactures and markets its products in China.

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