Cypress Bioscience, Inc. was founded in 1981 and is based in San Diego, California. Cypress Bioscience, Inc. provides therapeutics and personalized medicine services. The company focuses on addressing the needs of physicians and their patients by identifying unmet medical needs in the areas of pain, rheumatology, and physical medicine and rehabilitation, including challenging disorders, such as fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis. It offers Savella, a dual-reuptake inhibitor that preferentially blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine for the management of fibromyalgia. The company provides personalized medicine services, which include tests that are validated analytically and clinically to provide physicians with actionable information to help manage their patients care, including predicting the likelihood of developing disease or optimizing therapy. Its personalized medicine services include Avise PG, a test that supports dose optimization and therapeutic decision making for patients taking methotrexate, a therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and Avise MCV, a test that aids in the diagnosis and prognosis of RA. The company has a license agreement with Pierre Fabre Medicament to develop and sell products with the compound milnacipran as an active ingredient for various indications in the United States and Canada; a collaboration agreement with Forest Laboratories, Inc. for the development and marketing of milnacipran; and a reformulation and new product agreement with Collegium Pharmaceutical, Inc.

Purely Proteins doesn't mix your ordinary protein shake. Through its proprietary technology, the company purifies human proteins to accelerate biotherapeutic drug discovery and drug screening. Purely Proteins also operates a subscription-based online database of gene and protein information called TargetBASE, which gives chemists and biologists a summary of known and potential protein targets that may help in the discovery of therapies for diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. The company conducts its research in conjunction with several business partners, including Abcam Ltd, Asahi Kasei, Cytomyx Limited, and Inhibox Ltd. CEO David Parry-Smith co-founded Purely Proteins in 2002.

Established in 2004, Merrion operates offices in North Carolina and Ireland. Merrion Pharmaceuticals wants to make complicated drug dosing regimens easier to swallow. A specialty pharmaceutical firm, Merrion develops (independently and in collaboration with other drug companies) oral drugs to replace already-approved injectable-only medicines. Using its patented drug delivery technologies, Merrion's Gastrointestinal Permeation Enhancement Technology (GIPET) improves the absorption of drugs into the blood stream. Its Gastrointestinal Retention System (GIRES) helps the stomach retain drugs, allowing for their extended, controlled release. The company has four candidates in the development pipeline.

Astex Therapeutics (formerly Astex Technology) is working on Pyramids, but on a much, much smaller scale than the Egyptians did. Astex Therapeutics Limited company's Pyramid is a fragment-based drug discovery platform that utilizes X-ray crystallography to develop small molecule drugs. Astex is using the Pyramid platform to develop new therapies for Alzheimer's disease, numerous types of cancers, and chronic inflammation. The company relies in part on a large group of investors for funding. Some of its main investors include Oxford Biosciences, Advent International, Apax, Bayer Schering, and Johnson & Johnson. Astex is collaborating with Novartis andJanssen Pharmaceutica on drugs for the treatment of cancer.

Xanodyne Pharmaceuticals, Inc. company develops and manufactures drugs for pain management and women's health. Its commercial offerings include pain treatments Darvocet, Roxicodone, and Oramorph SR, as well as Duet prenatal vitamins. Zipsor, a treatment for mild to moderate inflammatory pain such as arthritic pain, and Lysteda, a treatment for menorrhagia (excessive menstrual bleeding), were both approved by the FDA in 2009. Xanodyne has several other drugs in development, including one for mild to moderate pain in late-stage clinical trials. The company funds its development efforts through sales of its commercial products, which are marketed through an internal sales force.

The US subsidiary of pharmaceuticals and materials giant Bayer AG (or Bayer Group), Bayer Corporation operates through three divisions and an internal services company. Bayer Corporation handles Bayer Group's US operations in three segments: Bayer HealthCare (pharmaceuticals, animal health, and over-the-counter medicines), MaterialScience (plastics, coatings, and polyurethanes), and Bayer CropScience (herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides). The internal services unit, Bayer Corporate and Business Services, handles administrative, technology, human resources, legal, and procurement functions for the Bayer Group's US operations.

Genzyme and Medtronic are out to prove that it doesn't just take time to heal a broken heart. The two companies' joint venture, MG Biotherapeutics, was created in 2004 to develop new treatments for heart attacks and other cardiovascular conditions. The company in 2006 ceased enrollment of new patients in its Phase II clinical trial, which had been testing the use of cell therapy to repair damaged heart tissue following a heart attack, after evidence showed the trial would not be successful. MG Biotherapeutics is also engaged in long-term research into next-generation cell therapies and is developing a less-invasive, catheter-based delivery system for cell therapy using Medtronic's TransAccess technology.

SuperGen was founded in 1991 and is based in Dublin, California. SuperGen, Inc., a pharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapies to treat patients with cancer. The company licensed its new drug application approved product, Dacogen for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. It primarily focuses on developing MP-470, a DNA repair suppressor; SGI-1776, a PIM kinase inhibitor; MP-529, an Aurora kinase inhibitor; SGI-110, a DNMT1 inhibitor; and SGI-1252, a JAK2 inhibitor. SuperGen also has an approved product, Mitozytrex for the treatment of solid tumors. In addition, the company is developing Orathecin, a Phase III clinical trial product for the treatment of solid tumors; Partaject busulfan, a Phase I/II clinical trial product for neoplastic meningitis/bone marrow transplant; Partaject Orathecin, a non-clinical stage product for the treatment of solid tumors; and CZ 112, a Phase I clinical trial product for the treatment of solid tumors. It is also developing Cremophor-free paclitaxel, a non-clinical stage product for the treatment of solid tumors; Avicine, a therapeutic vaccine for the treatment of cancer, which is in Phase II trial; VEGF, a non-clinical stage product for the treatment of anti-angiogenesis; PZG, a Phase II clinical trial product for the treatment of type II diabetes; and AM454, a phosphocholine derivative, which is in non-clinical stage for obesity/diabetes. The company sells its products to clinics, hospitals, hospital buying groups, drug distributors, and wholesalers in the United States and Europe. It has a collaboration agreement with GlaxoSmithKline Inc. to discover and develop cancer therapeutics based on epigenetic targets.

Curis, Inc. company was founded in 2000 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Curis, Inc., a drug discovery and development company, focuses on the research and development of cancer therapeutics. The company, in collaboration with Genentech, is conducting a pivotal Phase II clinical trial on its lead molecule, GDC-0449 in advanced basal cell carcinoma patients, as well as various Phase II clinical trials in first-line metastatic colorectal cancer and in advanced ovarian cancer patients. It is also evaluating CUDC-101, a small molecule that is in a Phase I clinical testing and is designed to target histone deacetylase (HDAC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2). In addition, Curis has a development candidate, CUDC-305, a Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor.

ARYx Therapeutics, Inc. was incorporated in 1997 and is based in Fremont, California. ARYx Therapeutics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, focuses on developing a portfolio of product candidates designed to eliminate known safety issues associated with commercial drugs using its RetroMetabolic Drug Design technology. Its product portfolio includes tecarfarin, an oral anticoagulant in Phase II/III clinical development for the treatment of patients who are at risk for the formation of dangerous blood clots; budiodarone/ATI-2042, an oral antiarrhythmic agent in Phase II clinical development for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, a form of irregular heartbeat; ATI-7505, an oral prokinetic agent in Phase II clinical development for the treatment of chronic constipation, gastroparesis, functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome with constipation, and gastroesophageal reflux disease; and ATI-9242, an antipsychotic agent in Phase I clinical development for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. The company also involves in the preclinical development of ATI-20,000 and ATI-24,000, which focus on metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders.

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